The Big Issue: Key Terminology

Advertising revenue -     

Articles - A piece of writing included with others in a newspaper, magazine           

Audience appeal - The audience who the magazine appeals to, either a broad audience or a niche audience, with specific interests, or narrow casting (small very specific audience)

Cost -              

Cultural and political awareness - Key component in empathy and someones understanding of the difference between themselves and people from other countries or other backgrounds

Culture - The ideas, customs and social behaviour of particular people or societies  

David v Goliath narratives -

Editor-in-chief - Has final responsibility for its operations ad policies and heads all departments of the organisation and is held accountable for delegator tasks o staff members and managing them.

Editorial content - The content that is not advertising based, it's the reason a customer goes to your website, the backbone of the content marketing service.

Editorial opinion - A written prose piece often publishes by a newspaper or magazine which expresses the opinion of a named author         

Emotional fulfilment -  A need or craving that when fulfilled, leaves you with a feeling of happiness and contentment but when unfulfilled, leads you with a feeling of unhappiness ad frustration.

Front cover - The front cover of a magazine, what the audience first sees     

Guest columnists -         

Hybrid genre - A cross-genre 

Ideological beliefs - Set of beliefs in which a group or soviet orders reality

Ideology - A set of opinions or beliefs of a group or an individual     

Independent publication - 

Institutional factors - Relate to structures in society, these include riles, norms and routines that guide behaviour    

Intertextuality - The relationship between texts

Interviews -  A meeting of people, face to face                  

John Bird and Gordon Roddick - The men who founded the magazine

Key appeals -     

Language code - A code that assigns letters or numbers as identifiers or classifiers for languages  

Low production values -

Magazine sales -           

Modes of address - Formal or informal modes of address to appeal to their target readership and suits the content of the magazines 

News

newly received or noteworthy information, especially about recent events.

a broadcast or published report of news

Not-for-profit organisation

Not for profit describes a type of organization that does notearn profits for its owners. All of the money earned by or donated to a not-for-profit organisation is used in pursuing the organisation's objectives and keeping it running. a nonprofit organization uses its surplus revenues to further achieve its purpose or mission, rather than distributing its surplus income to the organization's shareholders (or equivalents) as profit or dividends.

Passing trade 

Primary target audience

Public service 

Published                   

Rouge Traders - People without red jackets and clear ID badges that sell the magazine illegally

Socially aware

Start-up capital

Target audience - The people who buy the magazine/who the magazines aimed at          

The Big Issue 

The Big Issue Company Ltd - Independent publishers who publish The Big Issue

The Big Issue Foundation - Any money made from sales goes to this foundation to fund services

Vendors - Homeless people who sell The Big Issue on the streets                       

Weekly circulation      

The Big Issue Research

https://www.bigissue.com/magazines/

An award winning magazine that offers employment opportunities to people in poverty, The Big Issue Group strive to dismantle poverty through creating opportunity, for over 25 years, in the process of becoming one of the most recognised and trusted brands in the UK. Their mission is to dismantle poverty by creating opportunity, through self-help, social trading and business solutions. The Big Issue magazine launched in 1991 in response to the growing number of rough sleepers on the streets of London, by offering people the opportunity to earn a legitimate income through selling a magazine to the public. 25 years later, our vendors come from a variety of backgrounds and face the myriad of problems associated with poverty and inequality. Vendors buy The Big Issue magazine for £1.25 and sell it for £2.50, meaning each seller is a micro-entrepreneur who is working, not begging. Therefore, it is vitally important that buyers take their copy of the magazine when they pay for it. In 2016, The Big Issue sold its 200 millionth copy, celebrated its 25th anniversary and launched The Big Issue Shop, a fully customised online platform committed to selling products with a social echo.

Shelter vs NSPCC

• Both adverts display similar messages however NSPCC adverts seem more positive.
• Both have extreme close ups of their faces.
• All look serious and have sad facial expressions. 
• Both have the copy in small writing at the bottoms and the logo in the bottom right corner.
• All portray the message of help/getting help and not ignoring the problem, if its there speak up about it.
• All 3 NSPCC adverts use the same slogan - "When you can't talk about abuse, talk to us", this encourages teen or children to speak to someone who can help even if they are afraid.
• The symbols on the lips represent how they can't speak about it, but this is the problem NSPCC is trying to solve through these adverts.
• Both adverts use different age groups to show this can happen at any ages. However Shelters main target audience would be adults - men and women and families but NSPCC target audience would be babies, children and teens up to the age of 18, boys and girls. So both charities target different age groups. 
• Both adverts do a good job of portraying a certain message.
• NSPCC main colours - green and white.
• Shelter min colours - red and white.

Shelter focuses on homelessness and housing problems and tells you how to get help.
NSPCC focuses on preventing child abuse and neglect and offers advice on how you can keep children safe and informs you on children protection and safeguarding in the UK.
Both charities have their website name or links on the adverts to help the audience viewing the adverts to know where to go, to get help, if they are affected.

Shelter has been changing lives since 1966 - man aim to end homelessness
- Negative because they are affected but positive because they are wanting to make a change.
NSPCC helping since 1884 - main aim to end child abuse
- Trying to create a positive message by encouraging others to speak up if they are suffering from abuse, showing them that they are not alone.

Shelter Advertisement

• In this advertisement, red is the dominant colour, this represents danger because they need help.
• Entered text covering their faces.
• 1st picture is 1st person.
• 2nd picture is 3rd person.
• 3rd picture is 1st person.
• Very serious facial expressions - all look sad and confused.
• Direct gaze/eye contact with the audience.
• All use extreme closeup shots.
• Target audience is men, women and children either waning to donate or suffering from homeless.
• All include copy, website and logo/name, in the same place.
• They all want to convey the same message but with different stories.

Old Spice: Initial Research

Old Spice

The first Old Spice product was called Early American Old Spice for women and was introduced on 13th June, in 1937, then Old Spice for men which was introduced in 1938. They were manufactured by the Shulton Company that was founded by William Lightfoot Schultz, in 1934. When Old Spice was introduced, William Lightfoot Schultz was interested in maintaining a colonial framework for those products and chose a nautical theme for Old Spice. This is why sailing ships were used as a trademark and through continuous use and advertising, the ships have become a valuable trademark identifying the Old Spice product. Procter & Gamble purchased the Old Spice fragrances, Skin Care and Antiperspirant and Deodorant products from the Shulton Company in June 1990.  This brand exists in is the United States, however, they do sell worldwide. Throughout the years of Old Spice, the target audience changed because they started off with targeting women, with Lightfoot Schultz's soap and toiletries company, however as time went on they introduced a men's products. This soon became more popular than the original products, aimed at women and therefore Old Spice changed their intentions and is now more aimed towards men. Unfortunately, Old Spice have recently been sued $5million after customers claimed their products gave them chemical burns and rashes, this will put them off buying Old Spice. Old Spice have many commercials which are very popular online and have created 186 videos, in just under two weeks, all these videos have featured Isaiah Mustafa, Old Spice use commercials as their main way of advertising.  
Here is all of the Old Spice commercials featuring Terry Crew:

Shelter: Initial Research

Shelter

On 1st December 1966, Shelter was founded, they are a charity who campaigns to stop homelessness and bad housing. They are located in London, England and they currently help those who are located in England and Scotland. Their main aim is that one day, no-one will turn to them for help, which means they hope that one day nobody will be on the streets or living in dangerous conditions.
The four main services they provide are face-to-face, national helpline, online advice and legal support. Last year, Shelter got £60.9m of income, however, they spent £62.9m on helping those in need, this show how much they want to help those in need and will do anything they can to improve peoples living quality/standard of life. They also have a partnership with Shelter Cymru in Wales and The Housing Rights Service in Northern Ireland, by working with these, it can help them cover more areas around the country and hopefully will be able to continue helping until no one is left on the streets. Most of their income comes from donations, this is why advertisements and the public support is so important to Shelter. They have many shops around the UK, this is another way they make money, but most importantly a lot more needs to be done and more help is wanted to stop homelessness.
Above is 3 of their campaigning adverts and below is there logo.